The Gulag: What We Know Now and Why It Matters
The Soviet Gulag system was established in 1918 after the Russian Revolution, expanded under Stalin across the 1930s and into the war years, and did not reach its height until the early 1950s. Some 18 million people passed through this system and an estimated 4. 5 million did not survive it. We now understand far better what the Gulag was, how it evolved, what purposes it served, how many people lived and died within it. Yet what do we really remember of the camp system What do Russians remember And how does that memory, or the lack of it, affect Russian politics today Anne Applebaumis a journalist, prizewinning historian, staff writer forThe Atlantic, and senior fellow at the Agora Institute at Johns Hopkins University, where she coleads a project on twentyfirstcentury disinformation. Her books includeRed Famine: Stalins War on Ukraine; Iron Curtain: The Crushing of Eastern Europe 19441956; andGulag: A History, which won the 2004 Pulitzer Prize for nonfiction. Her most recent book is theN
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